Is the
War Really Over in Iran?
Many people
today struggle to understand the assertion that “the war in Iran is over.” This
misunderstanding often stems from a confusion between two distinct levels: the
military level and the political level.
From a
strictly military standpoint, the war can be considered over as soon as the
objectives assigned to the engaged forces have been achieved. For the
commanders conducting the operation, the criterion is clear: the targeting
list. When all targets that align with the political center of gravity are
included on this list and have been struck—infrastructure, command centers,
military capabilities—the mission is accomplished. At that point, for the
military, the operation is over. The planning and execution have produced the
desired effect. The engaged forces have no further actions to carry out: their
operational objectives have been met. In other words, the military machine has
done its job.
But that
does not mean the war is truly over.
For war is
not limited to the destruction of military targets. It is also—and above all—a
political instrument, as Carl von Clausewitz theorized in On War.
Diplomats and political leaders pursue objectives that go far beyond the
operational dimension: changing behavior, obtaining concessions, imposing a new
balance of power, or transforming a regional equilibrium.
This
reality is not new. As far back as Niccolò Machiavelli reminded us in The
Prince, it is not enough to conquer a state; one must also know how to
preserve it through prudence and skill. That is precisely where the danger of
the aftermath lies: the strikes may be over, but the ability to
stabilize, preserve, and durably transform the balance of power remains an
immense and often underestimated challenge.
Yet these
political objectives are not necessarily achieved when the military objectives
are. There can even be a profound time lag between the two: the military
finishes its mission while the diplomats are only just beginning theirs.
In
reality, the military produces effects, while political leaders seek results.
Military
objectives are tangible: their effects are visible to everyone. Destroyed
bases, neutralized systems, struck infrastructure. The public can see these
results immediately. Diplomacy, on the other hand, operates according to a
logic of discretion and the long term. Negotiations often take place far from
the cameras, through indirect or informal channels, and their effects can only
be measured over time.
This is why
a paradoxical impression can arise: the war appears to be over on the ground,
but it continues in reality on the political level—and especially in the
aftermath.
In the end,
every war has two different conclusions:
- The
military end,
when the operational objectives have been achieved.
- The
political end,
when the objectives pursued by the state are realized.
Between
these two moments, a period of uncertainty can open up where the guns fall
silent, but the war is not yet truly over. For in every war, the military
closes an operation; only the politicians close the war.
And it is
precisely in that interval—between military success and political outcome—that
the real fate of the conflict is often decided.
#Iran #Clausewitz #Strategy #InternationalRelations #Defense #Diplomacy
#BalanceOfPower
@WarOnTheRocks @CNASdc @AtlanticCouncil
@EliLake @KoriSchake @ElbridgeColby @Galadriell__
